PICTURE  TAKING 
with  the  No.  4  A 
FOLDING    KODAK 


PUBLISHED     BY 

EASTMAN   KODAK  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


KODAK 

Trade  Mat 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY 
ROCHESTER,     N  .     Y. 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Kodaks, 

Brownie  Cameras, 
Cartridge  Roll  Holders. 
Kodak  Tank  Developers, 
Kodak  Developing  Machines. 
Kodak  Dry  Mounting  Tissue. 
Eastman's  Solio  Paper 
Eastman's  Sepia  Paper, 
Eastman's  Ferro-Prussiate  Paper, 
Eastman's  Royal  Bromide  Paper, 
Eastman's  Standard  Bromide  Paper, 
Eastman's  Enameled  Bromide  Paper. 
Eastman's  Matte-Enamel  Bromide  Paper. 
Eastman's  Platino  Bromide  Paper 
Eastman's  W   D.  Platinum  Paper. 
Eastman's  Transparent  Film, 
Eastman's  Dry  Plates, 
Eastman's  Transparency  Plates, 
Tripods  and 
Other  Specialties. 


May,  /906. 


PICTURE  TAKING 


WITH  THE 


No.  4A 
FOLDING  KODAK 


PRICE,  10  CENTS. 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE 

EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


CONTENTS. 


Part  I. 

Loading. 

Section  i.     Loading  with  Film. 
Section  2.     Loading  with  Plates. 

Part  II. 

Making  the  Exposures. 

Section  1.  Operating  the  Shutter. 

Section  2.  Instantaneous  Exposures. 

Section  3.  Time  Exposures. 

Section  4.  Flashlight  Exposures. 

Section  5.  The  Rising  and  Sliding  Front. 

Part  TIL 

Removing  the  Film. 
Part  IV. 

Developing. 
Part  V. 

Printing. 
Part  VI. 

Mounting. 


THE  G  ENTErt 


PART  I. 


SECTION  I. 

LOADING  WITH  FILM. 

The  film  for  the  No.  4A  Folding  Kodak 
is  furnished  in  light-proof  cartridges  and 
the  instrument  can,  therefore,  be  loaded 
in  daylight.  The  operation  should,  how- 
ever, be  performed  in  a  subdued  light,  not 
in  the  glare  of  bright  sunlight.  It  should 
also  be  borne  in  mind  that  after  the  seal  is 
broken  care  must  be  taken  to  keep  the  THE  FILM, 
black  paper  taut  on  the  spool,  otherwise 
it    may    slip     and     loosen     sufficiently    to    fog    the    film. 


IS 


FIG.  I. 

Removing  the  Back. 


EASTMAN   KODAK   COMPANY. 


I.  To  load  the  Kodak,  take  a  position  at  a  table  where 
the  daylight  is  somewhat  subdued  and  remove  the  back  by 
pressing  the  catches  inward  and  upward  as  indicated  in 
Figure  I. 


FIG.  II. 

Springing  Out  a  Spool  Pin. 

II.  The  Kodak  having  been  opened,  an  empty  spool 
having  a  slit  in  it  will  be  seen  in  the  winding  end  of  the 
camera.  This  forms  the  reel  on  which  the  film  is  wound 
after  exposure.  The  full  spool  is  to  be  placed  in  the  recess 
at  the  opposite  end  of  the  Kodak.  To  accomplish  this  turn 
the  little  cam  levers  (as  indicated  by  arrows)  at  each  end  of 
the  recess,  thus  drawing  out  the  center  pins.     See  Fig.  II. 

III.  Drop  the  film  cartridge  into  this  recess,  as  shown 
in  Fig.  Ill,  being  careful  to  get  the  top  of  the  spool  at  the  top 
of  the  camera.  The  top  is  the  winding  side  of  the  camera. 
Each  cartridge  is  marked  on  the  end. 

Note:  If  the  cartridge  is  inserted  wrong  end  up.  the  black  paper 
instead  <>f  the  film  will  be  brought  next  the  lens,  resulting, of  course,  in 
the  absolute  loss  <>f  the  pictures. 


NO.    4A   FOLDING   KODAK. 


f^S 


FIG.  III. 

Inserting  the  Cartridge. 

IV.  Turn  back  the  two  cam  levers  until  they  are  fixed 
in  position  by  the  embossed  stops.  It  will  be  noted  that  this 
centers  the  axis  pins  in  ihe  spool  which  is  to  revolve  upon 
them. 


FIG.  IV. 

Threading  up  the  Black  Paper. 

V.  Cut  the  gum  slip  that  holds  the  end  of  the  black 
paper  ;  pass  the  paper  over  the  two  aluminum  rollers  and 
thread  into  the  slit  in  reel,  as  shown  in  Fig.  IV.  Be  careful 
in  so  doing  that  the  paper  draws  straight  and  true. 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY 


YI.     Give  the  key  one  or  two  slight  turns — just  enough 
to  bind  the  paper  on  the  reel — and  no  more.     See  Fig.  V. 


FIG.  V. 

Turning  the  Key  to  bind  paper  on  reel. 


low  be   /"~~"\j  | 

in  Fig-  Li \P 


The  paper  should  now  be 
in   position   indicated   ii 
VI. 

VII.     Replace  the  back  on  FIG.  VI. 

Kodak,   being  Careful  tO  put  it  Showing  position  of  paper. 

on  right  side  up,  (i.  e.  get  the  top  at  the  top,  the  window  being 
at  the  winding  side)  and  snapping  the  springs  at  top  and 
bottom  fully  into  place.  Care  should  always  be  taken  to 
handle  the  back  of  Kodak  carefully,  especially  when  it  is 
detached  from  camera,  as  even  a  slight  bend  would  make  it  fit 
badly,  resulting  very  probably  in  a  leakage  of  light  and 
consequent  loss  of  film. 

Throughout  the  foregoing  operation,  from  the  time  the 
gum  siip  is  cut  on  the  fresh  roll  of  film  until  the  back  is 
once  more  in  place,  keep  the  black  paper  wound  tightly  on 
the  roll.  If  it  is  allowed  to  loosen,  light  will  be  admitted 
and  the  film  fogged. 


NO.    4A    FOLDING    KODAK, 


FIG.  VII. 

The  film  is  now  in  position  for  taking  the  first  picture. 

VIII.  The  roll  of  film  in  the  camera  is  covered  with 
black  paper  and  this  must  be  reeled  off  before  a  picture  can 
be  taken.  Turn  the  key  slowly  to  the  left  and  watch  the 
little  red  celluloid  window  at  the  back  of  the  camera.  When 
15  to  18  turns  have  been  given,  the  number  1  will  appear 
before  the  window.     Fig.  VII. 


SECTION   2. 

LOADING  WITH   PLATES. 

I.  In  using  glass  plates  the  plate  holders  must  be  loaded 
in  a  dark  room— that  is,  a  room  from  which  all  white  light 
has  been  excluded,  as  described  on  page  39. 

II.  Provide  also 

No.  4A  F.  Kodak  Glass  Plate  Adapter. 

No.  4A  F.  K.  Plate  Holders. 

1  dozen  Eastman's  Extra  Rapid  Dry  Plates,  i,%  x  6J£. 

Kodak  Dark-room  Lamp. 

A  shelf  or  table  on  which  to  work. 

III.  Light  the  lamp  and  place  it  upon  the  table. 

IV.  Remove  the  dark  slides  from  the  plate  holders. 

V.  Open  the  box  of  plates  by  running  a  thin  knife  blade 
around  the  edge  of  the  box. 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 


VI.  To  load  holder,  remove  slide  and  press  inward  the 
end  of  brass  catch  on  top  of  holder,  this  permits  the  holding 
spring  to  recede  to  receive  the  plate.  Take  out  one  of  the 
plates  and  place  it  in  one  side  of  the  holder,  face  up.  (The 
face  is  the  dull  side.)  Then  press  down  on  brass  catch  and 
secure  same  by  catching  hooked  end  under  brass  stop  screw. 
Brush  gently  over  the  face  of  the  plate  with  a  camel's-hair 
brush  to  remove  dust. 

VII.  Replace  the  dark  slide  in  the  holder  ;  then  load 
other  side  of  holder  in  same  manner. 

VIII.  Repeat  the  operation  until  all  the  plate  holders 
have  been  filled,  then  close  up  the  remaining  plates  in  the 
box,  wrap  up  securely  and  put  them  away  in  a  dark  drawer. 

The  remaining  operation  may  be  performed  in  daylight. 

IX.  Remove  the  back  from  the  camera  as  before  de- 
scribed.    (See  page  4.) 

Note. — There  must,  of  course,  be  no  film  in  the  Kodak  when  opening 
it  for  use  with  plates. 


FIG.  I. 
Showing  Focusing  Shade  Raised. 


NO.    4A    FOLDING    KODAK. 


X.  Snap  the  plate  adapter  into  place,  taking  care  that 
the  springs  at  each  side  engage  with  the  catches  and  that  the 
back  is  right  side  up,  i.  e.,  the  plate  holder  should  draw  from 
the  winding  side  of  Kodak.  The  plate  holders  and  ground 
glass  are  inserted  or  removed  in  the  usual  manner. 

XI.  To  focus  on  ground  glass  push  shot  bar  near  base 
of  adapter,  to  the  left,  which  releases  the  ground  glass 
shade.     See  Fig.  I.     (See  page  8.) 

XII.  After  focusing  close  the  shutter,  remove  the  ground 
glass  by  pressing  down  on  catch  at  lower  right  hand  corner 
of  adapter,  which  will  permit  of  its  being  withdrawn,  and 
insert  one  of  the  plate  holders. 

XIII.  Pull  out  the  dark  slide.  The  plate  is  now  in  posi- 
tion for  making  the  first  picture,  and  the  exposure  should  be 
made  the  same  as  for  films.  After  making  the  exposure 
re-insert  the  dark  slide  in  plate  holder.  Remove  the  plate 
holder  from  the  camera  by  means  of  leather  lug,  pressing 
back  slightly  on  same  to  start  it. 

To  prepare  Focusing  Scale  so  that  it  may  be  used 
(instead  of  Ground  Glass)  with  Plates,  proceed  as 
follows : 

As  the  focal  plane  for  film  and  the  focal  plane  for  plates 
are  not  the  same,  it  will  be  necessary  to  mark  the  scale 
especially  for  use  with  the  plates.  To  do  this  is  a  simple 
matter,  but  it  should  be  done  with  care,  as  future  results 
depend  upon  it.  Measure  off  a  distance  of  six  feet  from 
some  plainly  defined  object,  focus  carefully,  using  the  largest 
stop  ;  note  the  position  of  the  pointer  over  the  focusing  scale 
(it  will  be  about  ^  of  an  inch  back  of  the  corresponding 
mark  for  film);  mark  the  scale  for  six  feet  by  scoring  the 
face  of  the  scale  plate  lightly  with  a  sharp  pointed  awl. 
Repeat  the  foregoing  operation  for  eight,  ten,  twelve,  fifteen, 
twenty-five  and  fifty  feet,  then  focus  on  some  object  one 
hundred  feet  or  more  away.  In  the  latter  case  the  actual 
measurement  is  not  necessary. 


PART  II. 


MAKING  THE  EXPOSURES. 

Before  making  the  exposure  with  the  4A  Folding  Kodak, 
either  time  or  instantaneous,  be  sure  of  four  things  : 

First — That  the  shutter  is  set  properly. 

Second — That  the  diaphragm  stop  is  set  at  the  proper 
opening. 

Third — That  the  camera  is  focused. 

Fourth — That  an  unexposed  section  of  the  film  is  turned 
into  position.     (Or  a  fresh  plate  is  in  position. ) 


SECTION    1. 

OPERATING   THE   SHUTTER. 

Perfect  familiarity  with  the  shutter  is  essential  to  suc- 
cessful picture  taking  with  any  camera.  The  following 
directions  should  there- 
fore be  carefully  read  and 
the  shutter  operated 
several  times  before 
threading  the  film  up  for 
use. 

Nona — To  attach  the  tube 
D,  simply  moisten    the  end  a 

trifle  and    it   will  be  found  to 
slip  into  place  readily. 

•'  SNAP    SHOTS." 

First  —  Set  revolving 
disc  E  so  that  small  hole 
in  face  of  same  is  over 
tuts  or  sV  tne  proper  time 
for  instantaneous  ex- 
posures 


NO.    4A    FOLDING    KODAK.  II 

Second— Set  lever  C  at  No.  S. 

Note. — For  instantaneous  exposures  when  the  sunlight  is  unusually 
strong  and  there  are  no  heavy  shadows,  such  as  in  views  on  the  seashore 
or  on  the  water  or  in  tropical  or  semi-tropical  climates,  use  the  diaphragm 
No.  16.  With  light  clouds  or  slightly  smoky  atmosphere  use  No.  4.  With 
heavy  clouds  do  not  attempt  instantaneous  exposures. 

Third — This  shutter  is  automatic  in  action  and  is  always 
set  for  an  exposure  which  is  made  by  compressing  rubber 
bulb  on  tube  D,  or  pressing  down  release  R,  makes  the 
exposure. 

TIME   EXPOSURES. 

First — Set  the  revolving  disc  E  at  the  point  T  (time). 
This  adjusts  the  shutter  for  time  exposures. 

Second — Set  the  lever  C  at  Xo.  16,  32,  64  or  128.  See 
instructions  for  use  of  stops,  p.  22. 

Third — Press  the  bulb.  This  opens  the  shutter.  Time 
exposure  by  the  watch.  Again  press  the  bulb.  This  closes 
the  shutter.  Shutter  may  be  opened  by  touching  release  R 
and  closed  by  a  second  pressure  if  desired. 

SHORT   TIME    EXPOSURES. 

Time  exposures  of  o1-  second,  I,  %  second  or  1  second 
may  be  made  automatically. 

First — Set  the  disc  E  at  the  number  on  the  scale,  indi- 
cating the  desired  exposure. 

Second — Set  the  lever  C  controlling  the  stops  at  No.  16, 
32,  64,  or  128  as  desired. 

Third — Press  the  bulb.  This  opens  the  shutter  and  it 
will  close  automatically  at  the  expiration  of  the  time  for 
which  the  shutter  has  been  adjusted. 

BULB    EXPOSURE. 

Short  time  exposures  may  also  be  made  if  desired  by  a 
"bulb  exposure." 

First — Set  the  disc  E  at  "  B  "  (bulb).  This  adjusts  the 
shutter  for  bulb  exposure. 

Second — Set  the  lever  C  controlling  the  stops  at  Xo.  16, 
32,  64,  or  128  as  desired. 


12 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY 


Third — Compress  the  bulb  to  open  the  shutter,  and 
release  it  to  close  the  shutter.  This  makes  the  exposure. 
The  shutter  will  remain  open  as  long  as  the  bulb  is  under 
pressure. 

Note.— This  method  will  not  answer  for  a  lone:  time  exposure  for  the 
reason  that  when  the  compressed  air  has  leaked  out  the  shutter  will  close 

of  itself. 

Do  not  oil  any  part  of  the  shutter. 

In  case  of  accident  return  shutter  to  your  dealer  or  to  us 
for  repairs. 

As  a  general  rule  make  exposures  with  the  bulb  instead 
of  with  the  release  R  as  the  pneumatic  release  is  less  likely 
to  jar  the  camera. 

NOTE.— This  shutter  is  automatic  and  is  always  set  ready  for  an 
exposure  so  do  not  press  bulb  or  finger  release  unless  you  wish  to  make 
an  exposure. 


SECTION  2. 

INSTANTANEOUS 
EXPOSURES. 

"SNAP    SHOTS." 

To  take  instantaneous  pictures 
the  object  must  be  in  the  broad, 
open  sunlight,  but  the  camera 
should  not.  The  sun  should  be 
behind  the  back  or  over  the 
shoulder  of  the  operator. 

1.— FOCUS  ON  THE  SUB- 
JECT. 

I.  Press  the  concealed  button 
as  shown  in  (Fig.  I.)  and  push 
down  the  bed  of  camera  to  the 
limit  of  motion. 

II.  Grasp  the  springs  at  bot- 
tom of  front  board  ;  pull  out  the 
front  until  the  pointer  on  the  lower 


FIG.  f. 

Opening  ihc  Front. 


NO.    4A    FOLDING    KODAK.  13 

left  hand  side  of  front  board  is  over  the  figures  on  the  index 
plate  nearest  the  estimated  distance  of  the  principal  object  to 
be  photographed  in  feet.     Fig.  II. 

Notk. — The  index  plate  is  scaled  both 
by  feet  and  by  metres  and  care  should  be 
taken  not  to  confound  them. 

It  is  not  necessary  to  estimate 
the   distance  with   any  more  than 
approximate  accuracy ;  for  instance, 
if  the  focus  is  set  at  25  feet  (the 
usual  distance  for  ordinary  street 
work )  the  sharpest  part  of  picture 
will  be  the  objects  at 
that  distance  from  the 
camera,  but  everything 
from  15  to  35  feet  will 
be  in  good  focus.    For 
general     street    work 
the  focus  may  be  kept 
at  25  feet,  but  where 
the  principal  object  is 
nearer  or  farther  away, 
the   focus    should    be 
moved    accordingly. 

The  index  plate    is    dl-  ^  ^         Extending  the  Beilows 

V'ided    for    5,    5^,    6,    J,  ^^^^Bk  and  Focusing. 

8,  10,  12,  15,  20,  25,  50 

and  100  feet.     Everything  beyond  the  100  feet  is  in  the  100  foot 

focus. 

AUTOMATIC   LOCKING   DEVICE. 

An  automatic  locking  device  which  is  on  the  right  side  of 
camera  bed  will  be  found  a  great  convenience  in  focusing. 
By  means  of  this  device  the  front  locks  automatically  at  8, 
10,  15,  20,  25,  50  or  100  feet  focus. 


'4 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY 


To  set  the  focus,    press   down   on   lever  A,    shown   in 

diagram,  and  set  catch 
in  the  slot  marked  for 
the  distance  desired,  S, 
10,  15,  20,  25,  50  or  100 
feet  (the  scale  is  also 
marked  in  metres). 
Then  pull  out  front  of 
camera  to  limit  of  mo- 
tion and  the  camera 
will  be  in  focus  for  the 
distance  at  which  you 
have  set  the  catch 
When  not  in  use  the 
lever  of  locking  device  should  be  shoved  to  extreme  right. 


Showing  Automatic  Locking  Device. 


WITH  PLATES. 

When  using  plates,  the  ground  glass  may  be  employed 
for  focusing  if  desired.  The  automatic  locking  device  in 
this  case  cannot  be  used.  Insert  ground  glass  in  plate 
adapter.  Raise  the  focusing  shade.  Open  the  shutter. 
Focus  carefully  with  the  largest  stop  before  the  lens  and 
when  the  lines  show  sharp  and  true  close  the  shutter. 
Remove  the  ground  glass  and  insert  plate  holder. 

2. -USE   STOP  NO.  8. 

For  all  ordinary  out-door  work  when  the  sun  is  very 
bright  use  stop  No.  S.  If  a  smaller  stop  be  used,  the  light 
will  be  so  much  reduced  that  it  will  not  sufficiently  impress 
the  image  on  the  him  and  failure  will  result. 

In  views  on  the  water  when  the  sunlight  is  unusually 
strong  and  there  are  no  heavy  shadows,  or  in  tropical  or 
semi-tropical  climates,  diaphragm  No.  16  may  be  used. 

If  a  smaller  stop  opening  than  No.  16  be  used  for  snap 
shots  absolute  failure  will  result. 


NO.   4A  FOLDING   KODAK. 


15 


3.— LOCATE  THE  IMAGE. 

Aim  the  camera  at  the  object  to  be  photographed  and 
locate  the  image  in  the  finder.  For  a  horizontal  picture 
hold  the  camera  as  shown  in  Fig.  III.,  reversing  the  finder 


i6 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 


as  indicated.  Always  look  into  the  finder  from  directly  over 
it,  not  at  an  angle.  (Of  course,  when  the  focusing  screen  is 
employed  the  image  will  be  located  on  that  instead  of  in  the 
finder.) 

For  a  vertical  exposure  the  camera  must  be  held  as 
shown  in  Fig.  IV.  The  finder  gives  the  scope  of  view  and 
shows  a  fac-simile  of  the  picture  as  it  will  appear,  but  on  a 
reduced  scale. 

Any  object  that  does  not  show  in  the  finder  will  not  show 
in  the  picture. 


FIG.  V. 


Fig.  V.  shows  how  to  hold  the  camera  when  making  an 
exposure  without  the  use  of  the  bulb.  Grasp  the  bed  of 
Kodak  firmly  with  the  left  hand,  steady  it  with  the  right  and 
with  the  thumb  of  the  right  hand  lightly  touch  the  exposure 
lever. 


NO.    4A   FOLDING    KODAK. 


4.— HOLD  IT  LEVEL. 

The  Kodak 
must  be  held 
level. 

If  the  oper- 
ator attempts  to 
p  h  o  togr a  ph 
a  tall  building 
while  standing 
near  it  by  point- 
ing the  camera 
upward  (think- 
ing thereby  to 
center  it)  the 
result  will  be 
similar  to  Fig. 
VI. 

This  was 
pointed  too 
high.  This 
building  should 
have  been  taken  from  the  middle  story  window  of  the  build- 
ing opposite. 

The  operator  should  hold  the  camera  level,  after  with- 
drawing to  a  proper  distance,  as  indicated  by  the  image 
shown  in  the  finder  on  the  top  of  the  camera. 

Note  :  The  rising  front  may  be  used  in  helping  to  center  high  objects 
on  the  plate.     See  page  26. 

If  the  object  be  low  down,  like  a  small  child  or  a  dog,  the 
Kodak  should  be  held  down  level  with  the  center  of  the 
object. 

5.— COMPRESS   THE   BULB. 

Hold  the  Camera  Steady, 
Hold  it  Level  and 
Compress  the  Bulb. 
This  makes  the  Exposure. 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY 


FIG.  VII. 

Turn  a  new  section  of  film  into  position  :  Turn 
the  key  in  top  of  camera  slowly  to  the  left,  until  the  next 
number  appears  before  the  red  window.  Three  or  four 
turns  will  be  sufficient  to  accomplish  this.     See  Fig.  VII. 

Repeat  the  foregoing  operations  for  each  picture. 


SECTION  3. 

TIME  EXPOSURES. 

INTERIORS. 


i.     Put  the  Kodak  in  position. 


Diagram  showing  position  of  Kodak. 


Set  camera  in  such  a 
position  that  the  finder  will 
embrace  the  view  desired. 

The  diagram  shows  the 
proper  position  for  the 
Kodak.  It  should  not  be 
pointed  directly  at  a  window 
as  the    glare    of    light    will 


blur  the  picture.  If  all  the  windows  cannot  be  avoided,  pull 
down  the  shades  of  such  as  come  within  the  range  of  the 
Kodak. 


NO.    4 A    FOLDING    KODAK. 


»9 


To  make  a  time  ex- 
posure, place  the  Kodak 
on  some  firm  support 
like  a  table  or  tripod, 
and  focus  as  before 
described. 

Fig.  I.  shows  the 
Kodak  in  position  for  a 
vertical  exposure.  The 
Kodak  is  provided  with 
tripod  sockets  and  may 
be  used  on  a  tripod. 

When  it  is  desired  to 
make  a  horizontal  time 
exposure  without  the 
use  of  a  tripod  pull 
out  the  slide  in  bed  of 
the  Kodak  as  show  in 
Fig.  II. 

Adjust  the  shutter  for  a  time  exposure  as  described  on 


FIG.  I. 


page  ii. 


FIG.  II. 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY 


All  being  in  readiness,  compress  the  bulb  or  touch  the 
lever  once  to  open  and  again  to  close  the  shutter.  Time  the 
exposure  by  the  watch. 

Turn  the  Key. 

Turn  a  new  film  into  position  as  described  before  (see 
page  iS). 

The  Kodak  is  now  ready  eor  the  next  Interior 
Exposure. 

Follow  the  directions  given  heretofore  for  each  successive 
exposure. 

When  the  last  Interior  Exposure  is  made,  adjust  the 
shutter  for  instantaneous  exposures  as  before  directed. 

Time  Needed  for  Interior  Exposures. 
The  following  table  gives  the  time  of  the  exposure 
required  under  varying  conditions  of  light  with  the  stop 
No.  1 6  in  the  lens.  If  the  stop  No.  8  is  used  give  only  one- 
half  the  time,  if  the  stop  No.  128  is  used  give  8  times  the  time 
of  the  table.  The  smaller  the  stop,  the  sharper  the  picture. 
The  No.  16  gives  the  best  results  for  interiors. 
White  walls  and  more  than  one  window  : 

bright  sun  outside,  4  seconds  ; 
hazy  sun,  10  seconds ; 
cloudy  bright,  20  seconds  ; 
cloudy  dull,  40  seconds. 

White  walls  and  only  one  window  : 

bright  sun  outside,  6  seconds  ; 
hazy  sun,  15  seconds ; 
cloudy  bright,  30  seconds  ; 
cloudy  dull,  60  seconds. 

Medium  colored  walls  and  hangings  and   more   than   one 
window  : 

bright  sun  outside,  S  seconds  ; 
hazy  sun, 20  seconds ; 
cloudy  bright,  40  seconds  ; 
cloudy  dull,  80  seconds. 

Medium  colored  walls  and  hangings  and  only  one  window  : 

bright  sun  outside,  12  seconds  ; 
hazy  sun, 30  seconds ; 
cloudy  bright,  60  seconds; 

cloudy  dull,  120  seconds. 


NO.    4A   FOLDING    KODAK. 


Dark  colored  walls  and  hangings  and  more  than  one  window  : 

bright  sun  outside.  20  seconds  ; 
hazy  sun,  40  seconds  ; 
cloudy  bright,  80  seconds  ; 
cloudy  dull,  2  minutes,  40  seconds. 

Dark  colored  walls  and  hangings  and  only  one  window  : 

bright  sun  outside,  40  seconds  ; 
hazy  sun, So  seconds ; 
cloudy  bright,  2  minutes,  40  seconds  ; 
cloudy  dull,  5  minutes,  20  seconds. 

The  foregoing  is  calculated  for  rooms  whose  windows 
get  the  direct  light  from  the  sky  and  for  hours  from  three 
hours  after  sunrise  until  three  hours  before  sunset. 

If  earlier  or  later  the  time  required  will  be  longer. 

TO  MAKE  A  PORTRAIT. 

Place  the  sitter  in  a  chair  partly  facing  the  light,  and  turn 
the  face  slightly  toward  the  camera  (which  should  be  at  the 
height  of  an  ordinary  table).  Center  the  image  in  the  finder. 
For  a  three-quarter  figure  the  Kodak  should  be  from  6  to  8 
feet  from  the  figure  ;  and  for  a  full  figure,  8  to  10  feet.  The 
background  should  form  a  contrast  with  the  sitter. 

TIME  EXPOSURES  IN  THE  OPEN  AIR. 

When  the  stop  Xo.  128  is  in  the  lens  the  light  admitted  is 
so  much  reduced  that  time  exposures  out  of  doors  may  be 
made  the  same  as  interiors,  but  the  exposure  must  be  much 
shorter. 

With  Sunshine— 4-  second. 

With  Light  Clouds— From  }£  to  i  second  will  be 
sufficient. 

With  Heavy  Clouds — From  2  to  5  seconds  will  be 
required. 

The  above  is  calculated  for  the  same  hours  as  mentioned 
above  and  for  objects  in  the  open  air.  For  other  hours  or 
for  objects  in  the  shadow,  under  porches  or  under  trees,  no 
accurate  directions  can  be  given  ;  experience  only  can  teach 
the  proper  exposure  to  give. 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 


Time  exposures  cannot  be  made  while  the  Kodak  is  held 
in  the  hand.  Always  place  it  upon  some  firm  support,  such 
as  a  tripod  chair  or  table. 

For  exceedingly  short  time  exposures  as  above  described 
use  the  "  bulb  exposure.'"     See  page  n. 

DIAPHRAGMS. 

The  stops  should  be  used  as  follows  : 

No.  4.— For  instantaneous  exposures  on  slightly  cloudy  days. 

No.  8. — For  all  ordinary  instantaneous  exposures  when  the  sun  shines. 

No.  16  —For  instantaneous  exposures  when  the  sunlight  is  unusually 
strong  and  there  are  no  heavy  shadows  ;  such  as  in  views  on  the  seashore 
or  on  the  water,  or  in  tropical  or  semi  tropical  climates  ;  also  for  interior 
time  exposures,  the  time  for  which  is  given  in  the  table  on  page  20. 

Nos.  32  and  64. — For  interiors.    Never  for  instantaneous  exposures. 

No.  128. — For  time  exposures  outdoors  in  cloudy  weather.  Never fot 
instantaneous  exposures.  The  time  required  for  time  exposures  on  cloudy 
days  with  smallest  stop  will  range  from  1-5  second  to  5  seconds,  accord- 
ing to  the  light.     The  smaller  the  stop  the  sharper  the  picture. 

Absolute  failure  will  be  the  result  if  you  use  the  smallest  stop  for 
instantaneous  exposures. 


SECTION  4. 

FLASH  LIGHT  PICTURES. 

By  the  introduction  of  Eastman's  Flash  Sheets,  picture 
taking  at  night  has  been  wonderfully  simplified.  A  package 
of  flash  sheets,  a  piece  of  cardboard,  a  pin  and  a  match 
complete  the  list  of  essential  extras. 

The  cost  then  is  : 

One  Package  Eastman's  Flash  Sheets,  No.  1,  25c. 

With  flash  sheets,  no  lamp  is  necessary,  there  is  a  mini- 
mum of  smoke  and  they  are  far  safer  than  any  of  the  self- 
burning  flash  powders,  besides  giving  a  softer  light  that  is 
less  trying  to  the  eyes. 

Many  interiors  can  be  taken  with  the  flash  sheets  that  are 
impracticable  by  daylight,  either  by  reason  of  a  lack  of 
illumination  or  because  there  are  windows  in  the  direct  line 
of  view  which  cannot  be  darkened  sufficiently  to  prevent  the 
blurring  of  the  picture. 


NO.    4A    FOLDING    KODAK.  23 

Evening  parties,  groups  around  a  dinner  or  card  table  or 
single  portraits  may  be  readily  made  by  the  use  of  our  flash 
sheets,  thus  enabling  the  amateur  to  obtain  souvenirs  of 
many  occasions  which,  but  for  the  flashlight,  would  be  quite 
beyond  the  range  of  the  art. 

Preparation  for  the  Flash. — The  camera  should  be 
prepared  for  time  exposure,  as  directed  on  page  iS  of  this 
manual  (except  that  the  No.  8  stop  must  be  used),  and 
placed  on  some  level  support  where  it  will  take  in  the  view 
desired. 

Pin  a  flash  sheet  by  one  corner  to  a  piece  of  cardboard 
which  has  previously  been  fixed  in  a  perpendicular  position. 
If  the  cardboard  is  white  it  will  act  as  a  reflector  and  increase 
the  strength  of  the  flash. 

The  flash  sheet  should  ahvays  be  placed  two  feet  behind 
and  two  or  three  feet  to  one  side  of  the  camera.  If  placed 
in  front,  or  on  a  line  with  front  of  Kodak,  the  flash  would 
strike  the  lens  and  blur  the  picture.  It  should  be  placed  at 
one  side  as  well  as  behind,  so  as  to  throw  a  shadow  and 
give  a  little  relief  in  the  lighting.  The  flash  should  be  at  the 
same  height  or  a  little  higher  than  the  camera.  The  support 
upon  which  the  flash  is  to  be  made  should  not  project  far 
enough  in  front  of  it  to  cast  a  shadow  in  front  of  the  Kodak. 
An  extra  piece  of  cardboard  a  foot  square  placed  under  the 
flash  sheet  will  prevent  any  sparks  from  the  flash  doing 
damage. 

TAKING   THE   PICTURE. 

Having  the  Kodak  and  the  flash  sheets  both  in  position 
and  all  being  in  readiness,  open  the  camera  shutter,  stand  at 
arm's  length  and  touch  a  match  to  the  lower  corner  of  the 
flash  sheet.  There  will  be  a  bright  flash  which  will  impress 
the  picture  on  the  sensitive  film.  Then  press  the  bulb  to 
close  the  shutter  and  turn  a  fresh  film  into  place  with  the 
key,  ready  for  another  picture. 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COll 


THE    FLASH    SHEETS. 

The  number  of  sheets  required  to  light  a  room  varies 
with  the  distance  of  the  object  farthest  from  the  camera,  and 
the  color  of  the  walls  and  hangings. 

When  two  or  more  sheets  are  to  be  used  they  should  be 
pinned  to  the  cardboard,  one  above  the  other,  the  corners 
slightly  over-lapping. 

Table. 

For  10  feet  distance  and  ligrbt  walls  and  hangings  u«e  i  sheet. 

2  sheets. 


:  - 

dark 

: 

- 

1  - 

dark 

--" 

light 

*5 

•     dark 

To  Make  a  Portrait. — Place  the  sitter  in  a  chair  partly 
facing  the  Kodak  ( which  should  be  at  the  height  of  an  ordi- 
nary table)  and  turn  the  face  slightly  towards  the  Kodak. 
The  proper  distance  from  the  camera  to  the  subject  can  be 
ascertained  by  looking  at  the  image  in  the  finder.  For  a 
three-quarter  picture  this  will  be  S  feet,  and  for  a  full  figure 
:.  :':::. 

The  flash  should  be  on  the  side  of  the  Kodak  away  from 
the  face,  that  is,  the  sitter  should  not  face  it  The  flash 
should  not  be  higher  than  the  head  of  the  sitter. 

To  Group. — Arrange  the  chairs  in  the  form  of 

an  arc,  facing  the  Kodak,  so  that  each  chair  will  be  exactly 
the  same  distance  from  the  camera.  Half  the  persons  com- 
posing the  group  should  be  seated  and  the  rest  should  stand 
behind  the  chairs.  If  the  group  is  large  any  number  of 
chairs  may  be  used,  but  none  of  the  subjects  should  be 
seated  on  the  floor,  as  sometimes  seen  in  large  pictures, 
because  the  perspective  would  be  too  violent. 

Backgrounds. — In  making  single  portraits  or  groups, 
care  should  be  taken  to  have  a  suitable  background  against 
which  the  figures  will  sh<.  :  a  light  background  is 


NO.    4A    FOLDING    KODAK.  25 

better  than  a  dark  one,  and  often  a  single  figure  or  two  will 
show  up  well  against  a  lace  curtain.  For  larger  groups  a 
medium  light  wall  will  be  suitable. 

The  finder  on  the  camera  will  aid  the  operator  in  com- 
posing the  groups  so  as  to  get  the  best  effect.  In  order  to 
make  the  image  visible  in  the  finder  the  room  will  have  to  be 
well  lighted  with  ordinary  lamplight,  which  may  be  left  on 
while  the  picture  is  being  made,  provided  none  of  the  lights 
are  placed  so  that  they  show  in  the  finder. 

Eastman's  Flash  Sheets  burn  more  slowly  than  flash 
powders,  producing  a  much  softer  light  and  are,  therefore, 
far  preferable  in  portrait  work  ;  the  subject,  however,  should 
be  warned  not  to  move,  as  the  picture  is  not  taken  instan- 
taneously, about  one  second  being  required  to  burn  one 
sheet. 

EASTMAN'S    FLASH  CARTRIDGES  AND  FLASH 
POWDER. 

Eastman's  Flash  Cartridges  or  Flash  Powder  may  be 
substituted  for  the  sheets  if  desired.  We  recommend  the 
sheets,  however,  as  more  convenient,  safer,  cheaper  and 
capable  of  producing  the  best  results.  The  powder  or 
cartridges  are  only  superior  where  absolute  instantaneous 
work  is  essential. 


26 


EASTMAN    KODAK   COMPANY 


SECTION  5. 

RISING  AND   SLIDING   FRONT. 


FIG.  I. 


The  No.  4A  Folding  Kodaks  are  provided  with  a  rising 
front,  which  may  be  utilized  in  cutting  out  an  undesirable 
foreground  or  to  assist  in  taking  in  the  top  of  a  high  build- 
ing, etc.  The  front  will  also  slide  to  either  the  right  or  left 
(up  and  down  when  used  for  horizontal  pictures). 

Fig.  I.  shows  how  to  raise  or  lower  the  front  when  mak- 
ing vertical  exposures.  Pull  out  the  small  milled  head  on 
the  right  hand  side  of  the  front,  and  raise  or  lower  the  front 


NO.    4A   FOLDING    KODAK. 


^7 


by  turning  the  milled  head.  When  the  front  is  at  the  desired 
height  let  the  milled  head  spring  back  into  its  original  posi- 
tion. This  will  lock  the  front  in  place.  When  through 
using  pull  out  the  milled  head  and  center  lens  by  moving  the 
front  up  or  down,  as  the  case  may  be,  until  the  springs  on  the 
back  of  front  board  and  fastened  to  top  brace,  engage  the 
pins  on  the  back  of  the  uprights. 

The  front  can  be  moved  to  the  right  or  left  (up  and  down 
when  Kodak  is  placed  on  its  side  for  horizontal  exposure) 
by  pushing  to  the  right  the  lever  directly  under  the  shutter, 


FIG.  II. 

as  shown  in  Fig.  II.,  and  sliding  front  in  either  direction  to 
the  desired  position.  Lock  in  position  by  pushing  lever  to 
the  left  to  limit  of  motion.  When  through  using  reverse  the 
operation  shown  in  Fig.  II.,  and  slide  back  to  the  center  and 
lock  in  position. 


28 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 


In  order  to  make  a  sharp  picture  when  using  the  rising 
front  it  will  be  better  to  use  a  small  stop  (No.  32  or  64)  and 
as  this  in  turn  necessitates  a  time  exposure,  a  tripod  or  other 
firm  support  must  be  provided.  Experience  alone  can  teach 
the  many  ways  in  which  the  rising  and  sliding  front  may  be 
used  for  composing  artistic  pictures. 

N.  B— Do  not  fail  to  center  front  before  closing  camera,  as  otherwise 
there  is  danger  of  ruining  bellows  when  folding. 


CLOSING   THE   KODAK. 


When  through  using  the  Kodak  fold  the  bellows  by 
reversing  the  operation  shown  in  Fig.  II.,  page  13,  and  press 
down  on  arm  locks  on  each  side  of  bed,  as  shown  above. 
The  bed  will  now  close  readily. 

CAUTION. 

Before  closing  the  bed  of  the  camera  be  careful  to  note  that 
the  front  board  has  been  pushed  back  to  the  limit  of  motion. 

If  it  is  in  proper  position  it  will  not  interfere  with  the  bed 
rest  in  closing. 


PART  III 


REMOVING  THE  FILM. 

No  dark-room  is  required  for  changing  the  spool  in  the 
Folding  Kodak.  The  operation  should,  however,  be  per- 
formed in  a  subdued  light. 

I.  When  the  last  section  of  film  has  been  exposed,  turn 
the  key  about  5  half  turns. 

II.  Provide  an  extra  spool  of  film  to  fit  this  camera,  and 
take  a  position  by  a  table  as  far  as  possible  from  any 
window, 

III.  Remove  the  back  from  the  Kodak  as  before 
described,  page  4. 

IY.  Holding  the  paper  taut,  so  as  to  wind  tightly,  turn 
uV-  key  until  the  paper  is  all  on  the  reel.     Fig.  I. 


FIG. 


V.  Hold  the  reel  tightly  with  one  hand  to  prevent  the 
paper  from  loosening,  and  fasten  down  black  paper  by 
means  of  gummed  sticker  that  will  be  found  at  end  of  roll. 


3° 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY 


VI.  Turn  the  little  cam  levers  at  the  bottom  of  recess 
which  contains  the  full  spool  in  the  same  manner  as  described 
for  turning  these  levers  at  opposite  end  of  camera.  See  Fig. 
II.,  page  4. 


Removing  the  Cartridge  of  Exposed  Film. 

VII.  Pull  out  the  key  as  shown  in  Fig.  II.  until  it  disen- 
gages from  the  slot  in  spool.  The  spool  will  then  drop  out 
reach  ly. 

VIII.  Wrap  up 
the  spool  of  ex- 
posed film  to  pre- 
vent injury  from 
exposure  to  strong 
light. 

IX.  Now  take 
out  the  empty  spool 
by  turning  the 
levers  as  before 
described  (Fig. 
III.)  to  draw  out 
the     center     pins 

FIG,  III.  which    holds    it    in 

Pulling  Out  Center  Pins  to  Remove  Empty  Spool.  place. 


NO.    4A   FOLDING    KODAK. 


31 


X.  Slip  this  spool  into  place  at  the  winding  side  of 
camera  (this  will  form  the  new  reel)  pulling  out  the  key  in  so 
doing  as  shown  in  Fig.  IV.  and  fitting  the  web  which  is 
attached  to  key  into  the  slot  in  the  end  of  spool.  Now 
insert  the  axis  pin  in  the  opposite  end  of  spool  by  turning 
the  cam  lever  at  the  bottom  of  Kodak  until  it  is  fixed  in 
position  by  the  embossed  stop. 

XI.  Load  as  described  in  Part  I.,  page  4. 

The  roll  of  exposures  can  now  be  mailed  to  us  for  finish- 
ing (see  price  list)  or  you  can  do  the  developing  and  print- 
ing yourself. 


FIG.  IV. 

Pulling  Out  Key  to  Admit  New  Reel. 

Note — In  mailing  us  film  for  development  do  not  fail  to  mark  the 
package  plainly  with  your  name  and  address  and  write  us  a  letter  of 
advice,  with  remittance. 

CLEAN  LENSES. 

Dirty  or  dusty  lenses  are  frequently  the  sole  cause  for 
photographic  failures.  Lenses  should  be  frequently  examined 
by  looking  through  the  lens,  and  if  found  to  be  dirty,   it 


32  EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 

should  be  wiped,  both  front  and  back,  with  a  clean,  soft, 
linen  handkerchief.  It  is  well,  also,  to  occasionally  wipe  out 
the  inside  of  Kodak  with  a  slightly  damp  cloth.  In  dusty 
summer  weather  this  needs  especial  attention.  Large  spots 
of  dust  or  dirt  on  the  lens  will  cause  defects  in  the  picture, 
while  if  the  lens  is  evenly  covered  with  a  film  of  dust  or  dirt, 
the  effect  will  be  to  cut  off  a  great  deal  of  the  light  and  make 
the  picture  under-timed. 

DIMMED  FINDERS  AND  HOW  TO  MAKE  THEM 
BRIGHT  AGAIN. 

For  some  cause  which  is  not  thoroughly  understood, 
glass  will  sometimes  "sweat  "  to  such  an  extent  as  to  cover 
it  with  a  sort  of  film,  which,  of  course,  makes  it  very  dull 
whether  it  be  used  as  lens  or  mirror. 

Whatever  the  cause,  the  result  is  the  occasional  dimming 
of  finders  and  lenses.  With  finders  the  trouble  is  sometimes 
in  the  mirror,  which  necessitates  opening  the  finder  and 
wiping  the  mirror  by  means  of  a  soft  cotton  cloth. 

The  brilliant  finders  on  the  No.  4A  Folding  Kodak  can 
readily  be  cleaned  by  pressing  on  the  sides  of  the  finder  jusl 
back  of  the  circular  grooves  and  swinging  forward  the  top. 
After  cleaning  as  above,  close  by  simply  snapping  back  into 
position. 


PART  IV. 


DEVELOPING. 

There  is  no  necessity  of  working  in  a  dark-room  or  wait- 
ing until  night  to  develop  film.  It  can  be  done  in  daylight 
at  any  time  and  place.  And  the  daylight  methods  of  devel- 
oping film  give  better  results  than  the  dark-room  way. 

Film  may  be  developed  in  daylight  in  two  ways,  by  the 
Kodak  Tank  Developer  method  or  with  the  Kodak  Devel- 
oping Machine.  Detailed  directions  for  developing  by  either 
of  those  methods  will  be  found  in  the  manuals  which  accom- 
pany the  goods.  The  operations  are  given  briefly  in  the 
following  pages. 

We  recommend  the  Kodak  Tank  Developer  method 
particularly  for  its  simpleness,  and  the  uniformly  good  nega- 
tives which  it  gives. 

DEVELOPING  WITH  THE  KODAK  TANK 
DEVELOPER. 

For  use  with  No.  4A  Folding  Kodak  provide  a  5-inch 
Kodak  Tank  Developer. 

The  Kodak  Tank  Developer  consists  of  a  wooden  box,  a 
light-proof  apron,  a  "transferring  reel,"  a  metal  "solution 
cup"  in  which  the  film  is  developed,  and  a  hooked  rod  for 
removing  film  from  solution.  There  is  also  a  dummy  film 
cartridge  with  which  one  should  experiment  before  using  an 
exposed  cartridge.  The  various  parts  of  the  outfit  come 
packed  in  the  box  itself. 

1.  Take  everything  out  of  the  box.  Take  apron  and 
Transferring  Reel  out  of  solution  cup. 

2.  Insert  the  axles  marked  C  and  D  in  the  cut.  in  the 
holes  in  front  of  box.  The  front  will  be  toward  you  when 
the  spool  carrier  in  end  of  box  is  at  your  right. 


34  EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 

3.  The  axle  "C"  must  be  pushed  through  the  hollow- 
spindle  which  will  be  found  loose  in  the  box.  The  two  lugs 
on  this  spindle  are  to  engage  the  hooks  at  end  of  apron. 
The  axle  "D"  must  be  pushed  through  the  hollow  rod  of 
the  Transferring  Reel  to  hold  reel  in  position  as  indicated  in 
the  illustration.  The  flanges  at  each  end  of  the  Trans- 
ferring Reel  are  marked  "Y"  in  the  illustration. 

4.  Attach  one 
end  of  the  apron 
to  spindle  through 
which  axle  "C" 
passes  by  means  of 
the  metal  hooks 
which  are  to  be  ^B  v^  V 
engaged  with  the 
lugs  on  the  spindle 
(  Fig.  2. )  The  cor- 
rugated side  of  the 

rubber  bands  is  to  be  beneath  the  apron  when  it  is  attached. 
Turn  to  left  on  axle  "C"  and  wind  entire  apron  on  to 
spindle,  maintaining  a  slight  tension  on  apron  in  so  doing  by 
resting  one  hand  on  it. 

5.  Insert  film  cartridge  in  spool  carrier  and  close  up  the 
movable  arm  tight  against  end  of  spool.  Have  the  black 
paper  ( "  B  "  in  Fig.  1 )  lead  from  the  top. 

IMPORTANT. 

Film  to  be  used  in  the  Kodak  Tank  Developer  must  be  fastened  to 
the  black  paper  a:  All  films  are  fastened  at  one  end  at  our 

For   instructions  on   how   to   fasten   the   other   end,  see     - 
Developer  Manual. 

6.  Break  the  sticker  that  holds  down  the  end  of  black 
paper,  thread  the  paper  underneath  the  wire  guard  on  trans- 
ferring reel  through  which  axle  '*]  -  and  turn  axle 
slowly  to  right  until  the  word  "stop"  appears  on  black 
paper. 


NO.    4A   FOLDING   KODAK. 


35 


7.  Now  hook  apron  to  lugs  on  axle  "D"  in  precisely 
the  same  manner  that  you  hooked  the  opposite  end  to  axle 
"  C  "  except  that  axle  "  D  "  turns  to  the  right. 


8.  Turn  handle  half  a  revolution  so  that  apron  becomes 
firmly  attached  and  put  on  cover  of  box.  Turn  axle  "  D  " 
slowly  and  steadily  until  black  paper,  film  and  apron  are 
rolled  up  together  on  transferring  reel.  As  soon  as  this  is 
completed  the  handle  will  turn  very  freely. 

9.  Prepare  developing  solution  in  solution  cup  according 
to  directions  in  Kodak  Tank  Developer  Manual. 

10.  Remove  cover  from  box  and  draw  out  axle  "D," 
holding  apron  and  black  paper  with  other  hand  to  keep  end 
of  apron  from  loosening. 


36 


EASTMAN'    KODAK    COMPANY. 


ii.  Remove  entire  Transferring  Reel  (now  containing 
apron,  black  paper  and  film)  which  is  freed  by  pulling  out 
axle  "  D,"  and  insert  immediately  in  the  previously  prepared 
developer. 

In  removing  reel  do  not  squeeze  the  apron  but  hold  it 
loosely  or  slip  a  rubber  band  about  it  to  keep  from  unrolling. 

USING  THE  SOLUTION  CUP. 


J,    JUWei      I 


12.     Having  filled  Solution  Cup,  lower  Transferring  Reel 
into  cup  with  end  containing  cross 
bar  up.     (Fig.  3.)     Let  reel  slide 
down  slowly.     The  operation  of 
removing  reel  from  box   can   be 
done  in  the  light  of  an  ordinary 
room,  but  for  safety  it  is  well  that 
the  light  should  not  be  too  bright. 
The    total    length    of    time    for 
development  is  20  minutes.     Allow  develop- 
ment to  proceed  for  about  twominutes  with 
cover  of  solution   cup  off  ;    then   place   the 
cover  on  the  cup  (Fig.  4)  putting   lugs   on 
cover  into  grooves  and  tighten  cover  down 
by   turning   it  to 
right. 

Now    turn    the 
entire     cup     end 
for  end  and  place  in  a  tray  or 
saucer  to   catch   any   slight  leak 
from     the     cup.      After     seven     minutes 
reverse   it  so   cover   will   be   up,  and   re- 
move  cover.     At  fifteen    minutes    replace 
cover  and  again  invert  the  cup.     Turning 
the  solution  cup  allows  the   developer  to 
act  evenly  and  adds  brilliancy  and  snap  to 
FIG.  IV.  the  negatives. 


NO.    4A   FOLDING   KODAK.  37 

Whenever  the  cup  is  upright  during  development  the 
cover  should  be  removed. 

13.  The  wire  hook  is  to  be  used  for  lifting  the  reel  out 
of  the  cup.  Hook  to  the  cross  bar  in  one  end  of  reel.  When 
the  end  of  reel  containing  cross  bar  is  at  the  bottom  of  cup, 
the  hook  is  just  long  enough  to  catch  the  cross  bar. 

14.  When  development  is  completed  pour  out  developer 
and  fill  cup  with  clear,  cold  water  and  pour  off  three  times  to 
wash  the  film.  Then  remove  Transferring  Reel,  separate 
film  from  black  paper  and  place  immediately  in  the  Fixing 
Bath,  which  should  be  in  readiness,  prepared  in  accordance 
with  directions  on  page  42. 

The  film  may  be  separated  from  black  paper  in  light  of 
an  ordinary  room  if  the  developer  is  thoroughly  washed  out. 

The  operation  of  separating  film  and  black  paper  should 
be  done  over  a  bowl  or  bath  tub  or  sink. 

If  the  Tank  Developer  is  not  to  be  used  again  immedi- 
ately, the  apron  and  tank  should  be  washed  and  wiped  dry. 
The  apron  will  dry  almost  instantly  if  immersed  for  a  moment 
in  very  hot  water. 

Keep  apron  wound  on  Transferring  Reel  when  not  in 
use.     Never  leave  apron  soaking  in  water. 

Note. — Immediately  after  lowering  reel  into  solu  = 
tion  cup  catch  it  with  the  wire  hook  and  move  gently 
up  and  down  two  or  three  times,  but  not  allowing  reel 
to  come  above  surface  of  developing  solution.  This  is 
to  expel  air  bubbles. 

DEVELOPING  SEVERAL  ROLLS  OF  FILM 
AT  ONCE. 

Several  rolls  of  film  may  be  developed  at  the  same  time 
if  the  operator  wishes.  To  do  this  it  is  necessary  to  have  a 
"Duplicating  Outfit"  consisting  of  1  Solution  Cup,  1  Trans- 
ferring Reel  and  1  Apron  for  each  additional  roll  of  film  to 
be  developed.  The  extra  rolls  of  film  may  then  be  wound 
on  to  Transferring  Reels  as  previously  described  and 
immersed  in  the  Solution  Cups. 


33 


EAST-MAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 


DEVELOPING   IN   KODAK   DEVEL- 
OPING  MACHINE. 

The  Kodak  Developing  Machine  is  simple  to  use  but  the 
film  must  be  kept  in  motion  during  development. 

After  removal  from  the  camera  the  cartridge  of  exposed 
film  is  inserted  in  the  Kodak  Developing  Machine  so  that 
the  black  paper  will  lead  from  the  top  as  shown  in  cut,  the 
transparent  apron  (F-F)  having  first  been  wound  onto  Arbor 
"A."  The  gummed  sticker  which  holds  down  the  end  of 
black  paper  is  then  broken,  the  paper  pulled  out  and  the  end 
attached  to  Arbor  "B"  by  slipping  under  the  wire  guard. 
Arbor  "B"  is  now  turned  to  the  right  until  the  word  "stop" 

appears  on  top 


Kodak    Developing   Machine. 


of  cartridge. 
The  end  of 
Apron  (F-F)  is 
hooked  onto 
Arbor  "B";  the 
developer  is 
poured  into 
compartment 
"E,"  and  the 
top  put  on 
Machine.  The 
operator   now 


turns  handle  to  the  right  slowly  and  evenly  until  the  time  of 
development,  about  six  minutes,  has  expired.  The  film  (G) 
winds  up  inside  of  Apron  but  with  the  face  not  touching  it, 
thus  allowing  free  action  of  the  developer.  The  cover  is 
then  removed  from  the  machine  and  the  developer  poured 
off  ;  the  machine  is  now  filled  with  clean  water,  the  cover 
replaced  and  the  handle  given  a  few  turns  ;  the  water  is 
poured  off  and  the  operation  repeated.  This  washes  the 
developer  from  the  film  which  is  now  removed  from  the 
machine  by  taking  hold  of  either  the  Apron  or  end  of  the 
black  paper  and  pulling  out  of  machine,  the  film  being  taken 
hold  of  when  it  appears  and  pulled  free  from  the  black  paper. 
The  film  is  now  placed  in  a  tray  of  Fixing  Solution  prepared 
according  to  directions  on  page  42. 


NO.    4A    FOLDING    KODAK.  39 

DEVELOPING   IN   DARK-ROOM. 

Provide  the  following  articles  : 

1  Kodak  Dark-Room  Lamp. 

4  Developing  Trays. 

1  4-Ounce  Graduate. 

1  Stirring  Rod. 

1  Pkg.  Eastman's  Special  Developer  Powders. 

1  Pound  Kodak  Acid  Fixing  Powder. 

Also  provide  a  pair  of  shears,  a  pitcher  of  cold  water 
(preferably  ice  water)  a  pail  for  slops,  and  a  dark-room 
having  a  shelf  or  table. 

By  a  dark-room  is  meant  one  that  is  wholly  dark — not  a  ray  of  light  in 
it.  Such  a  room  can  easily  be  secured  at  night  almost  anywhere.  The 
reason  a  dark-room  is  required  is  that  the  film  is  extremely  sensitive  to 
white  light,  either  daylight  or  lamplight,  and  would  be  spoiled  if  exposed 
to  it,  even  for  a  fraction  of  a  second. 

Having  provided  such  a  room  or  closet,  where,  when  the 
door  is  closed,  no  ray  of  light  can  be  seen  : 

Set  up  on  the  table  or  shelf  the  Kodak  Dark-Room  Lamp, 
and  light  it  as  directed  in  the  circular  which  comes  in  the 
box  in  which  the  lamp  is  enclosed. 

The  lamp  gives  a  subdued  red  light  which  will  not  injure 
the  film  unless  it  is  held  too  close  to  it.  Set  the  lamp  on  the 
table  at  least  eighteen  inches  from  and  with  the  side  toward 
the  operator.  Never  use  a  yellow  light  with  N.  C.  film  or 
fog  will  be  the  result. 

1.  Fill  one  of  the  trays  nearly  full  of  water  (first  tray). 

2.  Open  one  of  the  developer  powders,  then  put  the 
contents  (two  chemicals)  into  graduate  and  fill  it  up  to  the 
4-ounce  mark  with  water.  Stir  until  dissolved  with  the 
wooden  stirring  rod  and  pour  into  second  tray. 

3.  To  develop  film  unroll  the  film  and  detach  the  entire 
strip  from  the  black  paper. 

4.  Pass  the  film  through  the  tray  of  clean,  cold  water 
as  shown  in  the  cut,  holding  one  end  in  each  hand.     Pass 


4o 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY, 


through  the  water  several  times,  that  there  may  be  no 
bubbles  remaining  on  the  film.  When  it  is  thoroughly  wet, 
with  no  air  bubbles,  it  is  ready  for  development. 

5.  Now  pass  the  film  through  the  developer  in  the  same 
manner  as  described  for  wetting  it  and  shown  in  cut.  Keep 
it  constantly  in  motion,  and  in  about  one  minute  the  high 
lights  will  begin  to  darken  and  you  will  readily  be  able  to 
distinguish  the  unexposed  sections  between  the  negatives, 
and  in  about  two  minutes  will  be  able  to  distinguish  objects 
in  the  picture.  Complete  development  in  the  strip,  giving 
sufficient  length  of  development  to 

bring  out  what  detail  you  can  in  the 
thinnest  negatives.  There  is  no 
harm  in  having  your  negatives  of 
different  density.  This  can  be  set 
right  in  the  printing.  The  differ- 
ence in  density  does  not  affect  the 
difference  in  contrast. 

Keep  the  strip  which  is  being 
developed  constantly  in  motion, 
allowing  the  developer  to  act  5  to 
10  minutes.  The  progress  of  devel- 
opment may  be  watched  by  holding 
the  negatives  up  to  the  lamp  from 
time  to  time. 

When  developing  Eastman's  N.  C.  Film,  use  a  red 
lamp  and  take  care  not  to  hold  the  film  close  to  the 
lamp  for  any  length  of  time.  This  film  is  very  rapid 
and  is  orthochromatic,  therefore  liable  to  fog  unless 
handled  very  carefully. 

6.  After  completing  development  cut  the  negatives  apart 
with  a  pair  of  shears,  transfer  to  the  third  tray  and  rinse  two 
or  three  times  with  clear,  cold  water. 

ANOTHER   WAY. 

When  the  Kodak  Tank  Developer  is  not  used  we  advise 
the  foregoing  method  of  development.     If  desired,  however, 


NO.    4A   FOLDING    KODAK. 


4; 


the  negatives  may  be  cut  apart 
before  development  is  com- 
menced by  the  following  method, 
a.  Unroll  the  film  and  cut  the 
exposures  apart  as  shown  in 
Fig.  I. 

In  unrolling  the  film  prepara- 
tory to  development,  care  must 
be  taken  that  the  end  be  not 
allowed  to  roll  up  over  the  paper. 
The  exposures  should  be  cut 
apart  with  the  paper  on  top.  Do  not  let  the  fingers  touch 
the  face  of  the  film.     (The  face  is  the  dull  side.) 

Fig.  II.  shows  a  cartridge  unrolled  with  the  film  on  top. 
To  correct  this  simply  turn  back  the  film  as  indicated  by  the 
dotted  lines,  thus  bringing  the  film  under  the  paper. 

b.  Put  the  exposures  into  the  first  tray  one  by  one  face 
down  ;  put  them  in  edgewise  to  avoid  air  bells  and  immerse 
them  fully. 

Cover  the  tray  with  a  bit  of  brown  paper  to  keep  out  the 
light  from  the  lamp. 

c.  Take  on-3  of  the  exposures  from  the  water  and 
immerse  it  face  down,  in  the  tray  of  developer,  (second 
tray).     Rock   it   back   and  forth   to  .....!__._ 

prevent  streaks  and  air  bubbles  ;  in  /  _..._ N. 

about  one  minute  the  film  will  begin 
to  darken  in  spots,  representing  the 
lights  of  the  picture,  and  in  about 
two  minutes  the  operator  will  be  able 
to  distinguish  objects  in  the  picture. 

d.  Transfer  the  developed  film 
to  the  third  tray  and  rinse  two  or 
three  times  with  water,  leaving  it  to  soak  while  the  next  film 
is  being  developed. 

Note.— A  dozen  negatives  can  be  developed  one  after 
the  other  in  one  portion  of  the  developer ;  then  it 
should  be  thrown  away  and  a  fresh  portion  mixed. 


Fig.  II. — Wrong. 


42  EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 

Only  one  negative  should  be  developed  at  a  time  until  the 
operator  becomes  expert  then  he  can  manage  three  or  four 
in  the  tray  at  one  time  and  the  developer  will  answer  for 
twenty-four  films  before  being  exhausted. 

As  each  successive  negative  is  developed  it  should  be  put 
with  the  preceding  negatives  in  the  washing  tray  and  the 
water  changed  twice,  to  prevent  the  developer  remaining  in 
the  films  from  staining  them. 

From  this  stage  the  treatment  of  negatives  is  the  same, 
whether  they  have  been  developed  singly  or  in  the  strip, 
or  in  the  Kodak  Tank  Developer  or  Kodak  Developing 
Machine. 

FIXING. 

Provide  a  box  of  Kodak  Acid  Fixing  Powder  and  prepare 
a  fixing  bath  as  follows  :  Remove  the  cover  from  the  box 
and  pour  into  the  cover  enough  of  the  fixing  powder  to  fill 
the  cover  level  full.  Put  this  into  a  tray  (fourth  tray  of  an 
Eastman  developing  outfit)  or  wash  bowl  and  add  eight 
ounces  of  cold  water.  When  the  powder  has  thoroughly 
dissolved  add  to  the  solution  as  much  of  the  Acidifier,  which 
you  will  find  in  a  small  box  inside  the  large  one,  as  will  fill 
the  cover  of  the  small  box  level  full.  As  soon  as  this  has 
dissolved  the  fixing  bath  is  ready  for  use.  Any  quantity  of 
the  bath  may  be  prepared  in  the  above  proportions. 

Pass  the  film  face  down  (the  face  is  the  dull  side)  through 
the  fixing  solution,  holding  one  end  in  each  hand.  Do  this 
three  or  four  times  and  then  place  one  end  of  the  film  in  the 
tray  still  face  down  and  lower  the  strip  into  the  solution  in 
folds.  (If  the  negatives  have  been  cut  apart  immerse  them 
singly. )  Gently  press  the  film  where  the  folds  occur,  not 
tightly  enough  to  crack  it,  down  into  the  solution  a  few  times 
during  the  course  of  fixing.  This  insures  the  fixing  solution 
reaching  every  part  of  the  film.  Allow  the  film  to  remain  in 
the  solution  two  or  three  minutes  after  it  has  cleared  or  the 
milky  appearance  has  disappeared.  Then  remove  for 
washing. 


NO.    4A    FOLDING    KODAK.  43 

N.  C.  Film  must  always  be  fixed  in  an  acid  bath.  There 
is  nothing  superior  to  the  Kodak  Acid  Fixing  Bath,  but  the 
following  formula  may  be  used  if  desired  : 

Water, 16  ounces. 

Hypo  Sulphite  of  Soda,   ------  4  ounces. 

Sulphite  of  Soda  ^anhydrous),  80  grains. 

When  fully  dissolved  add  the  following  hardener  : 

Powdered  Alum, Ji  ounce. 

Citric  Acid, y&  ounce. 

This  bath  may  be  made  up  at  any  time  in  advance  and 
may  be  used  so  long  as  it  retains  its  strength,  or  is  not 
sufficiently  discolored  by  developer  carried  into  it,  as  to 
stain  the  negatives. 

NOTE — If  you  are  using  an  Eastman  developing  outfit  the  fixing  solu- 
tion must,  only  be  used  in  tray  Xo.  4,  and  the  negatives,  after  fixing,  must 
not  be  put  in  either  Xo.  1  or  Xo.  2  trays.  Neither  must  any  of  the  fixing 
solution  be  allowed  to  touch  the  films,  through  the  agency  of  the  fingers 
or  otherwise,  until  they  are  ready  to  go  into  the  fixing  bath,  otherwise 
they  will  be  spotted  or  blackened  so  as  to  be  useless. 

WASHING. 

There  are  several  ways  of  washing  film.  It  may 
be  placed  in  tray  or  washbowl  of  cold  water  and 
left  to  soak  for  five  minutes  each  in  five  changes  of 
cold  water,  moving  about  occasionally  to  insure 
the  water  acting  evenly  upon  it,  or  it  may  be  given, 
say  two  changes  as  above  and  then  left  for  an  hour 
in  a  bowl  with  a  very  gentle  stream  of  water  run- 
ning in  and  out. 

DRYING   N.    C.    FILM   NEGATIVES. 

When  thoroughly   washed,    snap   an   Eastman 

Film  Developing  Clip  on  each  end  of  the  strip  and 

hang  it  up  to  dry  or  pin  it  up.     Be  sure,  however, 

that  it  swings  clear  of  the  wall  so  that  there  will  be 

no  possibility  of  either  side  of  the  film  coming  in 

-"^p~       contact  with   the   latter.     In   drying,   N.   C.   Film 

Drying  w;th  should  be  cut  up  into  strips  of  not  more  than  six 

Clips,      exposures  in  length. 


44  EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 

If  the  film  has  been  cut  up,  pin  by  one  corner  to  the  edge 
of  a  shelf  or  hang  the  negatives  on  a  stretched  string  by 
means  of  a  bent  pin,  running  the  pin  through  the  corner  of 
film  to  the  head,  then  hooking  it  over  the  string. 

DEFECTIVE   NEGATIVES. 

By  following  closely  the  foregoing  directions,  the  novice 
can  make  seventy-five  per  cent.,  or  upwards  of  good  nega- 
tives. Sometimes,  however,  the  directions  are  not  followed, 
and  failures  result. 

To  forewarn  the  camerist  is  to  forearm  him  and  we  there- 
fore describe  the  common  causes  of  failure. 

UNDER-EXPOSURE. 

Caused  by  making  snap-shots  indoors,  or  in  the  shade, 
or  when  the  light  is  weak,  late  in  the  day,  or  by  closing  the 
lens  too  soon  on  time  exposures. 

OVER-EXPOSURE. 

Caused  by  too  much  light. 

Negative  develops  evenly,  shadows  almost  as  fast  as  high  lights.  If  a 
negative  is  known  to  be  overexposed  before  development  is  begun  the 
over-exposure  can  be  partly  ovetcome  by  the  addition  of  bromide  of 
potassium  to  the  developer  before  development  begins.  After  the  bromide 
lias  been  added  to  the  developer  it  should  not  be  used  for  another  negative 
unless  it  is  known  to  have  been  over-exposed. 

If  care  is  taken  to  properly  time  the  exposures,  the  above  difficulty 
will  be  avoided. 

OVER-DEVELOPMENT. 

Caused  by  leaving  the  negative  too  long  in  the  developer. 

In  this  case  the  negative  is  very  strong  and  intense  by  transmitted 
light  and  requires  a  very  long  time  to  print.     The  remedy  is  obvious. 

UNDER-DEVELOPMENT. 

Caused  by  removal  from  the  developer  too  soon. 

An  under-developed  negative  differs  from  an  under  exposed  one  in 
that  it  is  apt  to  be  thill   and  full  of  detail,  instead  of  harsh  and  lacking  in 

detail.     It  the  development  is  tarried  on  as  before  directed,  this  defect  is 

not  liable  to  occur. 


PART  V. 


PRINTING  ON    EASTMAN'S  SOLIO 
PAPER. 

Provide  : 

i  dozen  sheets  \%  x6J/i  Solio  Paper. 

i  4%  x  6y2  or  5  x  7  Printing  Frame  and  Glass. 

1  Bottle  Solio  Toning  Solution. 

Solio  Paper  gives  prints  having  beautiful  warm,  brown 
tones,  and  which  are  usually  mounted  on  cardboard  and 
highly  burnished. 

METHOD   OF   PRINTING. 

Open  the  printing  frame  and  lay  the  negative  back  down 
upon  the  glass  (the  back  is  the  shiny  side).  Place  upon  this 
a  piece  of  Solio  Paper,  face  down.  Replace  the  back  of  the 
frame  and  secure  the  springs.  The  back  is  hinged  to  permit 
of  uncovering  part  of  the  print  at  a  time  to  inspect  it  without 
destroying  its  register  with  the  negative.  The  operation  of 
putting  in  the  sensitive  paper  must  be  performed  in  a  sub- 
dued light,  that  is  to  say,  in  an  ordinary  room,  as  far  as 
possible  from  any  window.  The  paper  not  used  must  be 
kept  covered  in  its  envelope. 

The  printing  frame,  when  filled  as  directed,  is  to  be  laid 
glass  side  up  in  the  strongest  light  possible  (sunlight  pre- 
ferred) until  the  light,  passing  through  the  negative  into 
the  sensitive  paper,  has  impressed  the  image  sufficiently  upon 
it.  The  progress  of  the  printing  can  be  examined  from  time 
to  time  by  removing  the  frame  from  the  strong  light  and 
opening  one  part  of  the  hinged  back,  keeping  the  other  part 
fastened  to  hold  the  paper  from  shifting.  The  printing 
should  be  continued  until  the  print  is  a  little  darker  tint  than 


46  EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 

the  finished  print  should  be.     Place  prints  without  previous 
washing  in  the  following  combined  toning  and  fixing  bath  : 

4  ozs.  Eastman's  Solio  Toning  Solution. 

8  ozs.  Cold  Water. 

Pour  the  toning  solution  into  one  of  the  trays*  and  immerse 
the  prints,  one  after  the  other,  in  the  toning  bath.  Five  or 
six  prints  can  be  toned  together  if  they  are  kept  in  motion 
and  not  allowed  to  lie  in  contact.  Turn  the  prints  all  face 
down  and  then  face  up,  and  repeat  this  all  the  time  they  are 
toning.  The  prints  will  begin  to  change  color  almost 
immediately  from  reddish  brown  to  reddish  yellow,  then 
brown  to  purple.  The  change  will  be  gradual  from  one 
shade  to  another,  and  the  toning  should  be  stopped  when  the 
print  reaches  the  shade  desired. 

Six  ounces  of  the  diluted  toning  solution  will  tone  two 
dozen  prints  ;  after  that  a  new  solution  should  be  made  the 
same  as  before. 

When  the  proper  shade  has  been  attained  in  toning  bath, 
the  prints  should  be  transferred  for  five  minutes  to  the  fol- 
lowing salt  solution  to  stop  the  toning  : 

Salt,  i  oz. 
Water,  32  ozs. 

Then  transfer  the  prints  to  the  washing  tray  and  wash 
one  hour  in  running  water,  or  in  16  changes  of  water. 

The  prints  are  then  ready  for  mounting,  or  they  can  be 
laid  out  and  dried  between  blotting  papers. 

MOUNTING. 

The  most  satisfactory  method  for  mounting  prints  of  any 
size  is  by  the  use  of  Kodak  Dry  Mounting  Tissue,  as  by  the 
use  of  this  tissue  the  print  lies  perfectly  flat  in  absolute  con- 
tact even  on  the  thinnest  mount  and  absolutely  without  curl. 

The  tissue  comes  in  flat  sheets,  dry,  not  sticky,  and  easy 
to  handle  and  being  water  proof  protects  the  print  from  any 
impurities  in  the  mount  stock.     The  process  of  mounting  is 


NO.    4A   FOLDING   KODAK.  47 

as  follows  :  Lay  the  print  on  its  face  and  tack  to  the  back  a 
piece  of  the  tissue  of  the  same  size  or  a  trifle  smaller  than 
the  print  by  applying  the  point  of  a  hot  flat  iron  to  small 
spots  at  opposite  ends.  Turn  the  print  face  up  and  trim  to 
size  desired,  then  cover  the  print  with  a  piece  of  smooth  paper 
and  press  the  whole  surface  with  a  hot  flat  iron. — Press, 
don't  rub.  The  iron  should  be  just  hot  enough  to  siss  when 
touched  with  the  wet  finger.  If  the  iron  is  too  hot  the  tissue 
will  stick  to  the  mount  and  not  to  the  print,  if  too  cold  the 
tissue  will  stick  to  the  print  and  not  to  the  mount. 

Remedy  :    Lower  or  raise  the  temperature  of  the  iron  and 
apply  again. 

When  mounting  with  the  ordinary  paste,  prints  should  be 
mounted  wet.  After  the  prints  have  been  trimmed  to  correct 
size,  immerse  in  clean  water  for  a  few  moments,  then  place 
in  a  pile  face  down  on  a  sheet  of  clean  glass  and  squeegee 
off  all  surplus  moisture,  apply  the  paste  with  a  bristle 
brush,  working  in  the  paste  thoroughly,  then  lift  the  print  by 
the  opposite  corners,  turn  it  over  and  place  it  in  proper  po 
sition  on  the  mount. 

Cover  with  a  sheet  of  clean  blotting  paper  and  press  into 
contact  with  squeegee  or  rubber  print  roller. 

EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY, 

Rochester,  N.  Y. 


*  Trays  provided  for  developing  may  be  used  also  for  toning. 


48 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY. 


PRICE  LIST. 


No.  4A  Folding  Kodak,  for  pictures  4V  x  6'2  1  not 

loaded),  ...... 

Black  Sole  Leather  Carrying  Case, 
Glass  Plate  Adapter,  with  ground  glass, 
Double  Glass  Plate  Holder,  4%  x  6}4,  each,    . 
Kodak  Portrait  Attachment,    .... 

Transparent  Film  Cartridge,  6  exposures,  4%  x  &Yz 
Do., -Double-Two  Cartridge  (4  exposures), 
Eastman's  Extra  Rapid  Dry  Plates,  4%  x  6^, 
Kodak  Tank  Developer,  5  inch, 
Duplicating  Outfit  for  same,     .... 

Kodak  Tank   Developer   Powders  for  5  inch,  per 

pkg.,  y2  doz.,    ...... 

Kodak  Developing  Machine,  Style  E,  for  develop 

ing  6  exposures,  4%  x  6%, 
Kodak  Developer  Powders,  for  Style  E  Machine,  per 

package  of  Y  dozen  powders, 
Kodak  Acid  Fixing  Powder,  1  pound  package, 
Do.,  yz  pound  package,  .... 

Solio  Paper,  per  package,  1  dozen,  4%  x  6)^, 
Eastman's  Sepia  Paper,  1  dozen,  4  V  x6I2, 
Combined  Toning  and  Fixing  Solution  for  Solio 

per  8  ounce  bottle,  .... 

Velox  Paper,  per  dozen,  4^  x  6 '2, 
Eastman's  Developer  Powders,  per  doz.  pairs, 
Do.,  per  Yz  dozen,  ...... 

Eastman's  Hydrochinon   Developer   Powders,    per 

dozen  (do  not  stain  the  fingers), 
Do.,  per  y2  dozen  pairs,  .... 

Eastman's  Pyro  Developer  Powders,  per  dozen, 
Do.,  per  Yz  dozen  pairs,  .... 


#35  00 
2  50 

5  00 
1  25 

50 
65 
45 
90 

6  00 


25 

7  50 

25 
25 
15 
25 
15 

50 
30 
50 
25 

50 
25 
50 
25 


NO.    4A   FOLDING   KODAK.  49 

Eastman's  Hydrochinon,  Eikonogen,  Pyro,  Dekko 
and  Special  Developer  Powders  in  hermetically 
sealed  glass  tubes,  per  box  of  5  tubes,       .         .     $      25 

Bromide  of  Potassium,  per  ounce  bottle,           .         ,  15 

Eastman's  Flash  Sheets,  No.  1,  per  pkg.  of  }4  dozen,  25 

Do.,  No.  2,  per  package  of  %.  dozen,       ...  40 

Do.,  No.  3,  per  package  of  y2  dozen,       ...  60 

Kodak  Trimming  Boards,  No.  2  ;  capacity,  7x7  in.,  60 
Eastman's  Indexed  Negative  Albums,  to  hold  100 

3J4  x  5r2  film  negatives,  .  .  .  .         1  50 

Eastman's  Film  Developing  Clips,  5  inch,  per  pair, 

(nickeled), 30 

Kodak  Film  Clips  (wooden),  5  inch,        ...  15 

Duplex  Mounts  for  pictures  4%  x  6^,  per  100,  95 

Duplex  Mounts  for  pictures  4*4  x  6l2,  per  50,           .  50 

(These  mounts  are  Carbon  Black  on  one  side,  Scotch  Gray 
on  the  other,  each  side  suitable  for  mounting  on.) 

Bevplane  Mounts  for  pictures  4%  x  6l4,  per  100,      .         1  50 
Bevplane  Mounts  for  pictures  4I4/  x  6%,  per  50,        .  75 

(Carbon  Black  and  Scotch  Gray  colors.) 

Kodak   Push   Pins    (for   pinning  up  film  negatives 

while  drying),  per  box  of  6,       ....  10 

Eastman's   Kodak  Dark-Room  Lamp,   No.   1,   one 

inch  wick,         .  .  .  .  .  .  .         1  50 

Eastman's  Kodak  Dark-Room  Lamp,  No.  2,  ?s  inch 

wick,         ........         1  00 

Developing,  printing  and  mounting,  on  Yelox,  per 

6  exposures,      .....  .  1  20 

Do.,  unmounted  with  adhesive  backs,  per  %  dozen,         1  05 

Developing  only,  each,  .....  10 

Printing  and  mounting  only,  each,  .  .  .         12/2 

The   Artists'   Album,  capacity,  20  4T2  x  6)z  prints 

with  Black,  White  or  Sepia  leaves,    ...  30 

The  Lakeside  Album  No.  10,  for  40  \x/z  x  6>^  pic- 
tures, Black  cover  and  leaves,  ...  50 

The  Kodak  Book,  No.  102,  to  hold  40  pictures,  4J+ 

x  6J2,  cloth  bound,  Gray  covers  and  leaves,     .         1  00 


50  EASTMAN    KODAK   COMPANY. 

"The   Modern   Way   in   Picture  Making,"  a  most 
comprehensive    book    for    the    amateur,  cloth 
bound,     .         .         .  .         .         .         .         .       (r  oo 

Eastman's  Dry  Mounting  Tissue,  i  doz.  sheets,  \\i 

x  6>£,  per  package,  ....  10 

"Home   Portraiture,"  card   covers,  punched  with 

round  holes  for  tinting  Solio,     ....  25 

Do.,  leather  covers,         ......  75 

11  x  14  Bromide  Enlargements,  mounted  on  card,         1  25 
14  x  17  Bromide  Enlargements,  mounted  on  card,         1  50 

EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY, 

Rochester,  N.  Y 


Novel   and   Striking   Effects 


WITH 


EASTMAN'S 

FERRO-PRUSSIATE 

POST  CARDS. 


LONG  NAME.       EASY   WAY.       PRINT  IN  SUN. 
PUT  IN   WATER.         THAT'S  ALL. 

Exquisite  in  tone— not  like  the  ordinary 
blue  print. 

EASTMAN   KODAK   CO., 

Rochester,  N.  Y. 

All  Dealers. 


Develop  Film  in  Daylight 


WITH    THE 


Kodak  Tank 
Developer 

SIMPLE  convenient 

Price,  5  inch, 

$6.00. 

Eastman  Kodak  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y. 


ll-foZv^ 


CURLING    TROUBLES    END 


IF  YOU  USE 


KODAK 

DRY-MOUNTING 

TISSUE. 


The    thinnest    mount    lies    flat — 
with  the  print  in  absolute  contact. 

All  "Dealers. 


EASTMAN  KODAK  CO., 

ROCHESTER,  X.  Y. 


3    31 


25  000 


7  2581 


If  it  isn't  an  Eastman, 

It  isn't  a  Kodak." 


MAURO  &  WILSON, 

BOOKSELLERS,  STATIONERS, 

WALL  PAPER  DEALERS. 
ARLINGTON,  IOWA. 


